Hung GK, Ciuffreda. KJ, Semmlow JL.

Static vergence and accommodation and orthoptics effects.

Doc Ophthalmol, 62: 165-179, 1986.)

This study evaluated changes in vergence and accommodative systems in two populations: 22 visually-normal asymptomatic individuals and 21 visually-abnormal symptomatic individuals before and after conventional orthoptic therapy. Symptomatic subjects were placed into one of three training groups depending on clinical abnormalities and symptoms. The training period ranged from 8 to 16 weeks. Long term follow-up testing was performed 6 to 9 months after the training ended. Symptomatic individuals showed a shift toward the mean of visually-normal asymptomatic subjects following training. The long term results showed a maintenance of the initial post-training improvement. The efficacy of orthoptic treatment was indicated by a large reduction in overall symptom rating level.